M. Ababaf; H. Omidi; A.M. Bakhshandeh
Abstract
This research was aimed to investigate the foliar application of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on growth parameters, yield, some morphophysiological traits, and alkaloids of rosea periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L. (G. Don) under drought stress conditions. The field study was conducted based on split-plot ...
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This research was aimed to investigate the foliar application of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on growth parameters, yield, some morphophysiological traits, and alkaloids of rosea periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L. (G. Don) under drought stress conditions. The field study was conducted based on split-plot factorial in the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the research farms of Shahid Chamran University in Ahwaz city in 2016-17. The experimental treatments included drought stress as the main factor at three levels of 40% (control), 60% and 80% of maximum allowable depletion (MAD) and foliar application of jasmonic acid (JA) at two levels (0 and 10 µM) and salicylic acid (SA) at three levels (0, 0.1, 1, and 10 mM) as subplots. Based on the results of the mean comparison of main effects, drought stress (80% MAD) reduced 36.6% of fresh weight and 25.4% of the dry weight of the plant compared to the control. The treatment 10 mM SA resulted in 13.4, 125.5, and 59.6% increases in plant height, leaf area and flower dry weight, respectively, compared to the control. The foliar application of JA increased flower dry weight and plant fresh weight by 16.3 and 8.6%, respectively. The results showed that the foliar application of SA in concentrations of 1 and 10 mM caused the highest content of vincristine and vinblastine, respectively. The interaction of both PGRs and drought stress showed the highest alkaloids content. The highest vinblastine and vincristine under severe drought stress were obtained in foliar application of 1 mM SA+10µM JA and 10 mM SA+10µM JA, respectively.
Kh. Ahmadi; H. Omidi
Abstract
Drought stress affects the morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of plants and will have major effects on agricultural production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of drought on some physiological and grain yield properties of Balangu populations (Lallemantia royleana Benth.), in the ...
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Drought stress affects the morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of plants and will have major effects on agricultural production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of drought on some physiological and grain yield properties of Balangu populations (Lallemantia royleana Benth.), in the Research Station of Shahed University. This study was conducted in a split-plot design based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during 2014-2015. The experimental factors consisted of three different levels of drought stress at the flowering stage as main factors (applying soil water potential of -0.5, -6.5 and -9.5 atm), and Balangu populations including one population from Kurdistan and four populations from Esfahan province (Esfahan3, Esfahan5, Esfahan6, Esfahann) were considered as subplots. The traits studied included grain yield, one thousand seed weight, photosynthetic pigments content, proline content, total phenol content, membrane stability index (MDA), and peroxidase activity. According to the results, drought stress had significant effects on all traits except chlorophyll b content and chlorophyll a/b ratio. Population and its interactions showed a significant effect with all traits except anthocyanin content. Drought caused to the reduced content of photosynthetic pigments, membrane stability index, thousand grain weight and grain yield. With increasing drought stress, the lipid peroxidation enzymatic activity and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as phenolic content, carotenoids content, anthocyanins content, and proline content of tissue increased to induce drought tolerance. The highest grain yield with the mean of (312.77 kg/ha) and the highest phenolic content with an average of (14.02 mg/g FW) were recorded for the Esfahan3 population under relatively severe stress.
M. Aghighi Shahverdi; H. Omidi; S.J. Tabatabaei
Abstract
This research was aimed to investigate the foliar application of selenium, boron and iron on leaf yield, the photosynthetic pigments rate, antioxidant enzymes activity and the steviol glycosides content under sodium chloride stress conditions. The study was conducted in a factorial experiment in Anzali ...
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This research was aimed to investigate the foliar application of selenium, boron and iron on leaf yield, the photosynthetic pigments rate, antioxidant enzymes activity and the steviol glycosides content under sodium chloride stress conditions. The study was conducted in a factorial experiment in Anzali of Guilan Province based on a completely randomized design in three replications in 2105-16. The salinity stress levels were used by sodium chloride at four levels: control (less than 10), 30, 60 and 90 mM, and the foliar application of iron, boron, and selenium was applied. The results showed that the effect of salinity stress and foliar application was significant on the leaf yield, the chlorophyll pigments rate (a, b and total), carotenoid, protein content, antioxidant activity catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the steviol glycosides composition. The highest total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were obtained in the integrated application of iron, boron and selenium in free-salinity conditions (with means of 39.48, 24.86 and 14.63 mg/g fresh weight, respectively). The highest protein content was observed in the foliar application of iron and selenium at 90 mM NaCl, resulted in an increase of 5.3 times compared to the control treatment. The highest CAT and SOD activities were in the integrated foliar application of three elements and selenium and iron composition at salinity level of 90 mM, increasing the activity of these enzymes by approximately 130 and 11 times, respectively. The highest and lowest rates of rebaudioside A, stevioside, and rebaudioside C were obtained in the integrated application of three elements (iron, boron, and selenium) at salinity levels of 30 mM and non-spraying in 90 mM salinity, respectively. Generally, to achieve a higher amount of steviol glycosides, the integrated application of three elements iron, boron, and selenium and salinity stress up to 30 mM is recommended.
F. Pirjalili; H. Omidi
Abstract
This research was aimed to investigate the effects of drought stress on grain yield and qualitative characteristics of three populations of Lallemantia royleana Benth. The study was conducted in the research farm of Collage of Agriculture of Shahed University. This study was conducted in a split plot ...
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This research was aimed to investigate the effects of drought stress on grain yield and qualitative characteristics of three populations of Lallemantia royleana Benth. The study was conducted in the research farm of Collage of Agriculture of Shahed University. This study was conducted in a split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during 2013-2014. The experimental factors consisted of four levels of drought stress as the main plots including control or soil water potential (SWP) of -0.5atm as field capacity (FC), soil water potential (SWP) of -3.5 atm as moderate stress, soil water potential (SWP) of -6.5 atm as relatively sever stress, and soil water potential (SWP) of -9 atm as severe stress. The Balangu populations including Mashhad, Kerman, and Taleghan were considered as sub-plots. The traits measured included grain yield, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, mucilage percent, turgor factor, and proline content. The results showed that the population and the interaction of drought stress and population had significant effects on chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, proline and grain yield at the 1% level. The effect of drought stress was found to be significant on grain yield, photosynthetic pigments, leaf proline content (P<0.01), and the total chlorophyll content (P<5% ). However, the effect of drought stress on the content of chlorophyll b was not significant. In the severe stress conditions, the greatest change in proline content was found in Mashhad population and the relatively high stress level (26.26) as compared to control (0.7). As well, the content of chlorophyll a (0.5 mg per gram) and carotenoid decreased in moderate stress (0.96 mg/g) as compared with control treatment. Among the study populations in the control treatment (field capacity), the highest grain yield (940.78kg per hectare) was obtained from Mashhad population and the lowest grain yield (194.43 kg per ha) in the severe stress conditions (-9 atm) was obtained from Taleghan population.
L. Jafarzadeh; H. Omidi; A. Bostani
Abstract
To investigate the effect of drought stress and bio-fertilizer (nitrogen) on flower yield, yield components, photosynthesis pigments and proline content of Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.), a study was performed at Shahed University Agricultural Research Station, located 30 km south of Tehran. A ...
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To investigate the effect of drought stress and bio-fertilizer (nitrogen) on flower yield, yield components, photosynthesis pigments and proline content of Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.), a study was performed at Shahed University Agricultural Research Station, located 30 km south of Tehran. A split-plot experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in cropping years of 2010-2011. Drought, as the main factor, included soil water potential (SWP) of 0.5 atm and equal to field capacity (FC) as control, SWP of 3.5 atm as moderate stress, SWP of 6.5 atm as relatively sever stress, and SWP of 10 atm as severe stress and was applied to the four-leaf stage. Application of bio-fertilizer (nitrogen) as sub factor including control, 2 liters/ha bio fertilizer (nitrogen) with water irrigation and inoculation of 2 liters/ha bio-fertilizer (nitrogen) with seed treatment), were considered in subplots. Results showed that drought, application of bio fertilizer (nitrogen) and its interaction had a significant effect (P≤0.01) on plant height, flower yield, photosynthesis pigment content, proline content, and flower extract percentage. The highest flower yield (574.46 kg.ha-1) and yield of flower extract (22.79 %) were obtained at a soil water potential (SWP) of 0.5atm (FC). Also, the highest plant height (27.11cm) and photosynthesis pigment contents (17.59 mg/g) were obtained under moderate stress (SWP of 3.5atm). Proline content under optimum irrigation (SWP of 0.5atm or FC) was 47 % lower than that of relatively severe stress (SWP of 6.5atm). Based on the results, the highest plant height, flower yield, proline content and yield of flower extract were obtained from inoculation of bio-fertilizer (nitrogen) with seed treatment. In generall, results showed that calendula along with application of two liters/ha bio-fertilizer (nitrogen) with seed inoculation can tolerate relatively severe levels of drought (SWP of 6.5 atm).
M.K. Soltani Gerdfaramarzi; H. Omidi; H. Habibi; M.H. Lebaschy; A. Zarezadeh
Abstract
For assigning of drought stress and glycine betaine effects on yield, yield components and essential oil in German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) genotypes,a field experiment was conducted in the Field of the Agricultural Educational Center of Yazd in 2008-2009 Cropping season. The experiment was ...
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For assigning of drought stress and glycine betaine effects on yield, yield components and essential oil in German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) genotypes,a field experiment was conducted in the Field of the Agricultural Educational Center of Yazd in 2008-2009 Cropping season. The experiment was established as a randomized complete blocks design using a split plot factorial with 4 replication arrangement and three factors including drought stress at three levels (irrigation at 60, 120, 180 mm evaporation pan class A) in main plots and factorial combination of Glycine betaine (no foliar application, 2, 4 kg/ha foliar application) and cultivars (Isfahan mass and Hungary breed seed) in subplot. Plant height, plant flower number, dry flower yield and relative water content were measured. Results showed there are indirect relations between drought stresses and plant height, plant flower number, dry flower yield and relative water content. Also results showed that 2 kg/ha foliar application of Glycine betaine was better than others and there are no significant different between cultivars.
